TY - JOUR ID - 39160 TI - A two-phase wormhole attack detection scheme in MANETs JO - The ISC International Journal of Information Security JA - ISECURE LA - en SN - 2008-2045 AU - Shamaei, Sh. AU - Movaghar, A. AD - Y1 - 2014 PY - 2014 VL - 6 IS - 2 SP - 183 EP - 191 KW - Mobile ad-hoc Networks KW - Wormhole Detection Scheme KW - Wormhole Attack KW - Wormhole Tunnel DO - 10.22042/isecure.2015.6.2.7 N2 - Mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) have no fixed infrastructure, so all network operations such as routing and packet forwarding are done by the nodes themselves. However, almost all common existing routing protocols basically focus on performance measures regardless of security issues. Since these protocols consider all nodes to be trustworthy, they are prone to serious security threats. Wormhole attack is a kind of such threats against routing processes which is particularly a challenging problem to detect and prevent in MANETs. In this paper, a two-phase detection scheme is proposed to detect and prevent wormhole attacks. First phase checks whether a wormhole tunnel exists on the selected path or not. If there is such a tunnel, the second phase is applied to confirm the existence of the wormhole attack, and locate a malicious node. The proposed detection scheme can appropriately detect all types of this kind of attacks such as in-band and out-of-band ones in different modes such as hidden or exposed, without any need of special hardware or time synchronization. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme, some various scenarios are simulated in the NS-2 simulator, and different measures are assessed. The results obtained from simulating the proposed scheme and other benchmarks indicate that in most criteria considered in this paper, the proposed scheme outperforms the proposed methods in prior works. UR - https://www.isecure-journal.com/article_39160.html L1 - https://www.isecure-journal.com/article_39160_9c5a04eeec4d7ae4d57d176d22d005a6.pdf ER -